Often first mistaken as large freckles or age spots, Melasma is actually a skin disorder, where brown pigmentation appears in patches. Quite common in women during pregnancy, the condition occurs when the cells under the skin (called melanocytes) are stimulated to produce an excess of the brown pigment (called melanin). The cells can be in the deep or surface layers of the skin, and sometimes both. Ocean Cosmetics offer a range of therapies to address this condition, so don’t hesitate to call us to discuss any concerns.

It is usually seen on the face, especially the forehead, cheeks, and top lip. Sometimes other areas are affected, such as the neck and forearms, but this is rare.

Patients seeking advice typically present with light to dark brown patches of varying size on the face. Some patients have one patch, while others will have multiple. There are three main patterns of distribution of the patches, named according to the location of the affected areas. The most common is the “centrofacial pattern”, involving the forehead, cheeks, top lip, nose, and chin.

Diagnosis of melasma will involve a medical history, particularly pertaining to sun exposure, family history, and hormonal history (including the use of hormone treatments and events such as pregnancy and menopause).

There are a number of common causes of melasma, including genetics, hormonal changes (in women – for example, use of the pill, and pregnancy), exposure to the sun, the use of some cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products (such as steroids and sex hormones).

Treatments are tailored to the severity of the pigmentation, the patient’s objectives, and the prevention of worsening any existing patches or the creation of new patches. The most appropriate course of action will also depend upon the factors involved in the development of the melasma (e.g. sun exposure, or hormonal causes). Treatment plans and concerns should be addressed by Ocean Cosmetics Cosmetic Physicians.